A Retrospective Analysis on the Cystic Echinococcosis Cases Occured in Northeastern Punjab Province, Pakistan

A retrospective study was performed to report the case occurrence of cystic echinococcosis (CE) in three hospitals of north-eastern region in Punjab Province, Pakistan. We reviewed retrospectively the clinical records of patients in 4 hospitals which were diagnosed with CE during 2012–2017. A total of 198 cases, 82 (41.4%) male and 116 (58.6%) females were detected as CE. The most Highest incidence was revealed in.... 21–30 years-old group (24.2%) followed by 41–50 (22.7%), 31–40 (16.2%), 11–20 (13.6%), 51–60 (8.1%), below 10 (5.5%), over 71 (5.1%) and 61–70 year-old group (4.5%). CE was detected in various organs of infected individuals. However, most of CE cases were detected in the liver (47.4%) and lung (18.6%). The present study indicated that CE is more or less prevalent in surveyed areas and one of the most important public health problems in Punjab Province, Pakistan.

Analysis of Estrogen receptor [ER] and Progestrone receptor [PR] expression in surface Epithelial Tumors of Ovary and its correlation with their clinical stage

Objective: To evaluate ER and PR expression in epithelial ovarian cancers [EOC] and to determine its association with clinical stage

Study Design: Cross sectional study

Place and Duration of Study: Histopathology department, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology [AFIP] Rawalpindi, from Mar to Oct 2017

Material and Methods: A total of thirty three [n=33] histologically confirmed EOCs were analyzed. ER and PR expression status was assessed by immunohistochemistry using Allred scoring system and was compared with the clinical stage defined by The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics [FIGO] staging system

Results: A total of thirty three [n=33] females were enrolled. Mean age of the study females was 50.8 +/- 12.9 years. Most frequent histologic type was serous carcinoma [SC] 60.6 percent [n=20] followed by mucinous carcinoma [MC] 15.2 percent [n=5], endometrioid carcinoma [EC] 9.1 percent [n=3], clear cell carcinoma [CC] 9.1 percent [n=3], Brenner tumor [MBT] 3 percent [n=1] and seromucinous carcinoma [SMC] 3 percent [n=1]. Most patients were in clinical stage I 61 percent [n=20] followed by stage II 24 percent, [n=8] and stage III 15 percent [n=5]. Among SC, 90.0 percent [n=18/20] were ER and 65 percent [n=13/20] were PR-positive. All MC and CC were ER/PR negative. Two of the three ECs were ER and one was PR-positive. Higher percentage of stage I tumors exhibited ER 65 percent [n=13/20] and PR 45 percent [n=9/20] positive status [p>0.5]. The correlation was very weak positive between clinical stages and both ER and PR scores [Allred] r=0.11 and 0.15 respectively p>0.05

Conclusion: Higher percentages of stage I tumors exhibited ER and PR positive status yet not statistically significant from stage II/III. Estimation of ER and PR receptor status may help to select the women with ovarian malignancy for hormonal therapy, which is more likely to improve the response rate